GRCh38 reference

The Genome Reference Consortium's human genome assembly version 38 (GRCh38) is the latest version of the GRC human genome reference. The GRCh38 assembly is referred to as "hg38" in the UCSC Genome Browser and includes the following updates to the GRCh37/UCSC hg19 version:

• Alternate sequences for highly variable genes

• Centromere representation

• Sequence updates such as fixed errors, filled gaps, and changes to chromosome coordinates

• Updated mitochondrial genome sequence (GenBank accession number NC_012920.1)

• Hard masked PAR regions in chromosome Y

  Chromosome Y PAR coordinates	Corresponding chromosome X PAR coordinates
  10,000–2,781,479	10,000–2,781,479
  56,887,902–57,217,415	155,701,382–156,030,895

For more information, see genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgGateway?db=hg38.

To download sequence and annotation data, go to Genome Browser FTP server at hgdownload.soe.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/hg38/ or the Downloads screen at hgdownload.soe.ucsc.edu/downloads.html#human.